Erori e-FacturaBR-O-10

Cota O (Neobligat la TVA) cere motivul scutirii in factura

Codul regulii este BR-O-10.

Mesajul exact din validatorul ANAF

textEroare=[BR-O-10]-A VAT breakdown (BG-23) with VAT Category code (BT-118) Not subject to VAT shall have a VAT exemption reason code (BT-121), meaning Not subject to VAT or a VAT exemption reason text (BT-120) Not subject to VAT (or the equivalent standard text in another language).

Ce inseamna

Codul de categorie de TVA O inseamna "Neobligat la TVA" si se pune pe operatiunile care nu intra in sfera de aplicare a TVA (nu sunt scutite, ci pur si simplu nu li se aplica TVA). Cand detalierea de TVA (BG-23) are acest cod, CIUS-RO cere sa fie trecut si motivul: fie codul motivului de scutire (BT-121), fie textul motivului (BT-120). In lipsa ambelor, factura se respinge, chiar daca toate celelalte date sunt corecte.

Cum repari

In detalierea de TVA, la categoria cu codul O, completeaza campul de motiv al scutirii: un text liber in care scrii ca operatiunea este neobligata la TVA. In programul de facturare acesta este de obicei un camp separat, afisat sub codul categoriei de TVA; daca nu exista in sablon, adauga-l.

Exemplu

Asa pica

<Invoice xmlns="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:Invoice-2"
         xmlns:cac="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonAggregateComponents-2"
         xmlns:cbc="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonBasicComponents-2">
  <cac:TaxTotal>
    <cbc:TaxAmount currencyID="RON">0.00</cbc:TaxAmount>
    <cac:TaxSubtotal>
      <cbc:TaxableAmount currencyID="RON">1000.00</cbc:TaxableAmount>
      <cbc:TaxAmount currencyID="RON">0.00</cbc:TaxAmount>
      <cac:TaxCategory>
        <cbc:ID>O</cbc:ID>
        <cac:TaxScheme>
          <cbc:ID>VAT</cbc:ID>
        </cac:TaxScheme>
      </cac:TaxCategory>
    </cac:TaxSubtotal>
  </cac:TaxTotal>
  <cac:LegalMonetaryTotal>
    <cbc:LineExtensionAmount currencyID="RON">1000.00</cbc:LineExtensionAmount>
    <cbc:TaxExclusiveAmount currencyID="RON">1000.00</cbc:TaxExclusiveAmount>
    <cbc:TaxInclusiveAmount currencyID="RON">1000.00</cbc:TaxInclusiveAmount>
    <cbc:PayableAmount currencyID="RON">1000.00</cbc:PayableAmount>
  </cac:LegalMonetaryTotal>
  <cac:InvoiceLine>
    <cbc:ID>1</cbc:ID>
    <cbc:InvoicedQuantity unitCode="H87">10</cbc:InvoicedQuantity>
    <cbc:LineExtensionAmount currencyID="RON">1000.00</cbc:LineExtensionAmount>
    <cac:Item>
      <cbc:Name>Serviciu de consultanta</cbc:Name>
      <cac:ClassifiedTaxCategory>
        <cbc:ID>O</cbc:ID>
        <cac:TaxScheme>
          <cbc:ID>VAT</cbc:ID>
        </cac:TaxScheme>
      </cac:ClassifiedTaxCategory>
    </cac:Item>
    <cac:Price>
      <cbc:PriceAmount currencyID="RON">100.00</cbc:PriceAmount>
    </cac:Price>
  </cac:InvoiceLine>
</Invoice>

Asa trece

<Invoice xmlns="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:Invoice-2"
         xmlns:cac="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonAggregateComponents-2"
         xmlns:cbc="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonBasicComponents-2">
  <cac:TaxTotal>
    <cbc:TaxAmount currencyID="RON">0.00</cbc:TaxAmount>
    <cac:TaxSubtotal>
      <cbc:TaxableAmount currencyID="RON">1000.00</cbc:TaxableAmount>
      <cbc:TaxAmount currencyID="RON">0.00</cbc:TaxAmount>
      <cac:TaxCategory>
        <cbc:ID>O</cbc:ID>
        <cbc:TaxExemptionReason>Neobligat la TVA</cbc:TaxExemptionReason>
        <cac:TaxScheme>
          <cbc:ID>VAT</cbc:ID>
        </cac:TaxScheme>
      </cac:TaxCategory>
    </cac:TaxSubtotal>
  </cac:TaxTotal>
  <cac:LegalMonetaryTotal>
    <cbc:LineExtensionAmount currencyID="RON">1000.00</cbc:LineExtensionAmount>
    <cbc:TaxExclusiveAmount currencyID="RON">1000.00</cbc:TaxExclusiveAmount>
    <cbc:TaxInclusiveAmount currencyID="RON">1000.00</cbc:TaxInclusiveAmount>
    <cbc:PayableAmount currencyID="RON">1000.00</cbc:PayableAmount>
  </cac:LegalMonetaryTotal>
  <cac:InvoiceLine>
    <cbc:ID>1</cbc:ID>
    <cbc:InvoicedQuantity unitCode="H87">10</cbc:InvoicedQuantity>
    <cbc:LineExtensionAmount currencyID="RON">1000.00</cbc:LineExtensionAmount>
    <cac:Item>
      <cbc:Name>Serviciu de consultanta</cbc:Name>
      <cac:ClassifiedTaxCategory>
        <cbc:ID>O</cbc:ID>
        <cac:TaxScheme>
          <cbc:ID>VAT</cbc:ID>
        </cac:TaxScheme>
      </cac:ClassifiedTaxCategory>
    </cac:Item>
    <cac:Price>
      <cbc:PriceAmount currencyID="RON">100.00</cbc:PriceAmount>
    </cac:Price>
  </cac:InvoiceLine>
</Invoice>
Verificat. Am pus fiecare din cele doua fragmente intr-o factura completa si le-am trecut prin validatorul oficial ANAF, versiunea ro16931-ubl-1.0.9. Factura cu fragmentul din stanga a fost respinsa cu exact mesajul de mai sus; cea cu fragmentul din dreapta a trecut fara nicio eroare. Verificarea s-a facut pe 14.09.2026.
Regula asa cum e scrisa in schematronul oficial

Textul oficial, in engleza

A VAT breakdown (BG-23) with VAT Category code (BT-118) " Not subject to VAT" shall have a VAT exemption reason code (BT-121), meaning " Not subject to VAT" or a VAT exemption reason text (BT-120) " Not subject to VAT" (or the equivalent standard text in another language).

Unde se aplica

$VATO

Conditia care trebuie sa fie adevarata

$BR-O-10
Ce nu rezulta din textul oficial al regulii

Factura de referinta foloseste cota S, deci exemplul a fost construit trecand toata factura pe cota O, pastrand sumele de baza (10 x 100,00 = 1.000,00) si ducand TVA la 0,00, ca factura sa ramana coerentă pe toate regulile. Nu am putut confirma textul standard acceptat de ANAF pentru BT-120 si nici daca CIUS-RO prefera codul BT-121 in locul textului liber. De asemenea, nu am verificat daca schematronul CIUS-RO contine si celelalte reguli pentru cota O (de exemplu cele privind codul de TVA al vanzatorului sau interzicerea altor cote in aceeasi factura), care ar putea cere modificari suplimentare.